Polyolefins

Polymers made from hydrocarbon monomers that contain a carbon double bond through which the polymer is made by addition polymerization are called polyolefins. An alkene, also called an olefin, is a chemical compound made of only carbon and hydrogen atoms containing at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond. The simplest alkenes, with only one double bond and no other functional groups, form a homologous series of hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n. The two simplest alkenes of this series are ethylene and propylene. When these are polymerized, they form polyethylene and polypropylene, which are the two of the plastics that account for the bulk of the plastic film packaging market. There are other specialty polyolefins that are made into very low-volume specialty films.

Polyolefins are made by addition polymerization (sometimes called chain-growth polymerization). A chain reaction adds new monomer units to the growing polymer molecule, one at a time through double bonds in the monomers.

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